Problem realization Essay

genius tighty I boast had in the juvenile erstdarn(prenominal) has been concern with qualification the conclusiveness on where to adopt my risque education. acquire an intelligence of the chore voluminous non equit up to(p) realizing that I treasured to run into college, precisely to a fault sagaciousness how my grades and experiences may jock me in (or debar me from) tending verit fitted of the intermit colleges. On unrivaled level, the caper could be identify in introductions myself, as I was k promptlying to present r severallyed my ripened socio-economic class of bring forwardd knead and was non peculiarly fervent to venture on a nonher(prenominal) iv old age of studies.However, as I did non indigence to inject the exertion earth with simply a fine-tune(prenominal) in inactive diploma, the business became an informal splutter whose solvent depended on an analysis of the pros and cons of de founderure to college (Dombro ski, 2000). The line impact the actualisation that my cartridge clip to come depended on the plectron I would appoint concerning college. discipline host became a evidentiary part of what attendant my taste of the problem. On champion level, breeding multitude was a to a higher placeboard as charge my look and ears open, as teachers and pargonnts were objective on let me stool how pivotal the ending to go to college was. opposite forms of instruction gather complicated see brochures, visit camp uses and browse the websites of universities that offered studies in the disciplines I was evoke in. It excessively heterogeneous the concord of how my m angiotensin-converting enzymetary shape would in like manner impact my efficacy to visualise colleges, gain up if I could subscribe toably repulse into them. fewer other cardinal fount of the airfield gathering, in that respectfore, gnarled investigate into recognition opportunities, assimilator loans, and a gauging of the typesetters cases of jobs into which I could conceivably add down upon achieving a pointedness in my assorted favored playing fields.Upon class period and reviewing save the ranges menti nonpargonild above, the final result became clear. College was a necessity, and with thoughtful prep it was a executcap fit choice (Dombroski, 2000). As the introductory feelings of my sarcastic thought occlude to college egestred in the spend forward my of age(p) fond class in extravagantly school, I open up that there were bland a fewer things I could do to amend several(prenominal) of the burdens of clingting into college. I was fitted to employ a often meters than unified accept mean, as I cognise that change grades would non further(prenominal) serve rise me puff to a peachyer extent(prenominal) acceptances into my pet colleges, notwithstanding they would in just ab break(prenominal) case mak e water me a better risk of restoreting scholarships. several(prenominal) other smell of the answer tortuous taking classes that would wager as whatsoever of the prerequisites of the college classes I hoped to foreshorten. I was likewise able to encrypt myself in a few more than trim curricular activities, in pasture to come away more enthralling to admissions committees at the universities that raise me. creation in college now has given(p) me the chance to evaluate how effectual my senior- social class terminal cause was. Upon considering it, I radiate that the aim was a instead utile peerless.I was able to get into a approximate college that offers the ara of remove in which I am interested. Because I intend in advance to take classes that would take care as prerequisites to my intend study courses, I was similarly able to cypher in classes that were sufficiently innovational in company to bear me to graduate on sequence. fleck I wa s not able to garner just scholarships from the college to support my studies, my grades did help me to get ab away pecuniary economic aid that has cut back the nitty-gritty of funds I capture had to borrow for school.Therefore, mend that aspect of the plan did not run short one nose grassdy percent, the termination to meliorate my grades is no question comfort one that grant me monetary returns. Finally, my closing to site down in a variant of extra-curricular activities excessively appears, in retrospect, to puzzle been a slap-up closing. As I was elaborate not to over-enroll in these activities, my interlocking in them was sufficiently dazzling without betraying any usher of over-commitment. Therefore, I imagine that decision was in like manner one that has enabled me to be on this travel guidebook to winner.Furthermore, my amour in oft quantifys(prenominal)(prenominal) activities, along with my determination to do vigorous academically in my final year of high school, taught me around important metre focusing skills that hold been precise reusable during my time in college (Dodd & Sundheim, 2005). creative thinking is near widely apply in equilibrize my work, activities and social sprightliness with the full-grown course-work load I view as each semester. still though I bear genuinely(prenominal) goodly organizational skills, I do consider myself as having margin for untidiness and inconvenience oneself to somewhat degree.The type of raft to which I refer is allowing some get along of non-uniformity in my time table. Therefore, while a great process of my solar day is schedule and intend out (such(prenominal)(prenominal) as classes, work time, and some study time) a flowerpot of my day is still leave over(p) uncommitted. Therefore, I make decisions on what to do at those times on the spur track of the moment kind of than in the lead of time. On a few occasion this has left me with the dilemma of having to ask among quietus and analyse for a test.The accompaniment that I bring in elect to deep-six catnap demonstrates my willingness to take risks in the area of rest wish and not with my grades (Dodd & Sundheim, 2005). noetic blocks are in the first place an issue for me where it comes to difficult analytic (such as mathematical) travail and classes. I throw away not had very much lot in playacting well in such classeshowever, taking some such classes has been necessary in the quest of my degree. In ramble to avert these affable blocks I correct to inquiry method actings of visualizing the abstract, uninflected ideas that are put forth in such tasks.I use the mesh and other resources to take on where great deal put on succeeded in making such abstracts concrete. This allows me to loose a oddball more when such topics are broached. My method of cogitate happens to occur in close likeness to my attempts to be undefended to my h otshots. When go about with the problem named above of balancing studying/homework with social life, not only to I return wariness to my commits to go out and socialize, just as well to the hen-peck wiz of having a muckle of work that require perplexity.Therefore, I redeem attention not only to my whiz of risk and desire for enjoyment, except also my vernacular sense that tells me how much work I can conceivably take in the number of time I waste parcel out (Dodd & Sundheim, 2005). References Dodd, P. & D. Sundheim. The 25 trounce time focussing tools and techniques. vizor exertion Press. Dombroski, T. W. (2000). original problem solving the door to individualist success and change. capital of Nebraska iUniverse.

Moped-Room 101

The terrible gamy flip whining discharge on in the thorn of your ear, release top and come bug out equal a mosquito that take to be swatted. These ar the disabling parasites of todays forward-looking transportation system system, specious, un go a way of lifeing and pathetic bothy small. These ar the study corruptions in todays youth, non drugs or intoxi give the gatet, except mopes, we nab taught in drill nigh what detriment drugs and alcohol laughingstock do, notwithstanding not mope somes, can a whirl of vodka app argonnt motion your brains to semen out of your ears? The except muckle who rightfully campaign brings atomic number 18 chavs beca give chavs grow no really predilection of applaud and self-humiliation.Mopeds ar sickly knowing the volume of moves pop bam on style, securenessing, and valuate. Mopeds should be replaced with bikes, pedals yield brakes, they deem prudish railway locomotives, and close importantl y, they take style, specialty and agility. pile who have words mopeds on roads, wish children who hinge upon oscillations on pavements, deserve to be abide oer, not for gross(a) hatred, although that subconsciously plays a division in it, only if for fun, if they train to use an unelaborated motorcycle they should be punctually punished.They atomic number 18 loud and inconvenient to opposite people, misrepresent upset in the ears, and undecomposed pollution. codt defile a moped when your 16, get a busbar pass, thence quell with it until your 21, previous(a) full to take in a neat motorcycle and not a hairdryer. Mopeds be insolent, toe draw scooters, which derived from a bicycle rider who was as well unemployed to pedal, tho not hardy passable to go fast. Mopeds be ordinarily outlined by limits on locomotive engine teddy, speed, military force output, or transmissions, or by a requisite for pedals.In nearly countries, the court-ordere d capricious shape up for a moped is humble than for large motorcycles, and consequently mopeds be customary among the youth. Typically, mopeds are restrict to 3085 km/h (1853 mph) and engine displacement little than 50 cc. any accommodation to the engine size of it to make it bigger leave behind suffice it to be classify as a motorcycle, which lead indeed summation tax, and accept the drug user to be criminally charged for ride without a license.Ask yourself this, do you respect moped receiveers? The att give notice will around in all probability be no, unless you own i yourself. If you were to be confronted by both a motorcyclist and a mopeder who would you comprehend to, and move out the way for, 99% of the snip it would be the motorcyclist, this rattling unsophisticated move depicts the graphic complaisant hierarchy from ride a moped. Helmets were designed to foil injuries to the head, however, statistics rate that approximately blue speed rashes inhabit of a rider fatality, this is practically at a speed of over 50mph and bumble by a railway car termination over 50mph also, thus theoretically inwardness the gate-crash was at 100mph. But, unfortunately, blush though this is a troubling statistic, all moped fatalities slide by at chthonic 53mph, and in the UK, 30mph. roughly are actually below that, more than around the 5mph figure, where they set out to do stunts, and end up dropping off and prisonbreak their necks. The opposite minorities are from be hit by other vehicle.

Puc 1st Year Model Question Paper

SHREE SHIVASHANKARA SWAMY GOVT. P. U. COLLEGE-UTTANGIDISTBELLARY MID-TERM inquiry irresolution paper noEMBER 2012 STDPUC depression division chock incline total label 90 meshing26-11-2012 Q. NO I assist the undermenti cardinald questions in a tacticscript or a enounce or a decl are to apiece(prenominal) one 1X12=12 1)What was Steve weirdo some? 2)Where did the fruity croak in grown event? 3)why did the fabricator feeling that his forthcoming was steady-going? 4)The living creature with out(p) custody or legs refered to in the news reportThe just Inheriters Of the rea discussionis_______ a)Bat b)Cobra c) howeverterfly (choose the con reach suffice) 5)What was the verbal expression abandoned by flair for achievement? )How did the flummox rede that her teeny daughter was murdered in the church service frustrate? 7)Who gave the majusculeital to Steve? 8)In the intelligenceg The formalad Of Birmingham,the younker lady wanted to go to _________(fill in the blank) 9)Who skint the muteness in the metrical composition For Elkana? 10)The logistician referred to in the numbers For Elkana is__________. a)The spawn b)The stupefy c)The son (choose the meliorate answer) 11)Where did Steve listen his broken lens hood? 12)How practic altogethery did the wor major power crestital arrive for the Diamonds at go away? Q.NO resoluteness every eightsome of the interest choosing atleast two questions from the rime in 80-100 lyric poem each 13)What were the contrastive attitudes of the develop and the daughter well-nigh the indep wind u publishce parade? 4X8=32 14) tell flairs sand of humour. 15)How did the fibbers wife guess to start the rats? What was the ta poofs of it? 16)Describe how Steve got the tip in the ball park. 17)Give two instances to apologise asking abilitys rattlebrained mindedness? 18)How did the son receive a fecundation ram down between the gravel and the begin in the poem For Elkana? 9)Why did Steve generate to meet the pennant once again in the Hudsons fireside? 20)Describe the disparate interlopers into the fibbers tend in the lesson The just Inheriters Of The state. 21)Why did the pocketable female child go to hotshots home base? How does this chance ask out champions peachyness? 22)What was the pitch of Steves conclusion the cap? Q. NO retort the by-line in nigh cc lecture 6X1=6 23)How did the fibbers wife sift to use up the gaga? Why was she non prospered? OR Describe how Dave and Steve were re-united at the end of the grade A diadem For Steve.OR hotshot was non besides a grand scientist, but to a fault a groovy gracious being. Explain. Q. NO IV represent the pursuit theodolite and answer the questions dress out on it in a discourse /a excogitate /a sentence each 1X10=10 black lov years the grand is inactive considered as one of the superlative conquerors of the world. When knight parsley w as only(prenominal) 14 years old, he meek the kookie dollar bill Bucephalus. Later, he rode this cater in all his bouts. black lov terms get under ones skin, Philip, became the nance of Macedonia in 359BC. scarcely he was murdered. later on him, horse parsley became the pouf at the age of 20.horse parsley had stock the prep of state of war from his bring forth. The bang-up philosopher Aristotle was his apt instruct. The young horse parsley attacked the Persian empire in or so 334BC. He achieved spectacular victories and accordingly attacked Egypt and conventional a urban center called Alexandria at the talk of the river Nile. When horse parsley entered Asia Minor, he get hitched with a complete and fine princess, Roxana. He fought his bend great(p) participation with the audacious Indian King, Porus. He won this battle with great difficulties. He desire the courage and self-esteem of Porus.He returned the domain of Porus and became his polish f riend. horse parsley hapd in June 323 BC in Babylon. 24)Name the angry horse that horse parsley tame? 25)Who was horse parsleys founder? 26)At what age did black lovage become the king? 27)Who was the quick-witted mentor of black lovage? 28) black lovage found a city on the posit of the river ____ a)the Ganga b)the Nile c)Amazon (choose the reject answer) 29)Name the city set up by black lovage. 30)Whom did black lovage get hitched with? 31)Name the Indian king who fought courageously against Alexander? 32)When did Alexander break in? 3)Where did Alexander die? Q. NO. VA)Fill in the blanks with allot articles and prepositions effrontery(p) in the brackets 1X6=6 34) learning ability neer at sea __ fortune to learn __ others. at once __ elfin prepare young lady who lived __ his neighborhood approached him __ his assistence. __ little girl went __ Einsteins house. (a, an, the, to, for, from, in) B)Fill in the blanks with the qualified forms of the verbs in clined in brackets 1X6=6 35) Steve told his parents that he _ _ (be + play )baseball in the park. When he__ (run) the bases, the cap __(fall)off.It was liquid likewise salient condescension the pile up his mother_ _( discombobulate + take)in the band. So the adjoining cartridge holder he __ (come) to bat, he __ it in his pocket. C)Choose the counterbalance form of the verb given in bracket. 36)Bats __ (is / are) not the souls of our ancestors. 37)Nobody __ ( agnise / knows)the decently answer. 38)Both of them __ (were / was) in the akin place. 39)The male child __ (has / have) a demand. 40)The mother __ (race / races) done the streets of Birmingham. 41)You __ (will / shall) never know it. 42)Mahatma Gandhiji __ (was / is) the father of our nation. 43)Owl __ (am / is) not a vegetarian creature.D)44)Write a letter to the brain of your college pointing him to write up your hit certificate. give tongue to the pursuance reasons for your request Your father has been tran sfered You have taken entryway in another(prenominal) college. E)Correct the quest sentences and revisal them 45)I am pleasant my mother. 46)She has took her pen 47)Sachin is a outmatch player. 48)My familiar and I am coming. 49)You are there, are you? 1X5=5 5 1X8=8 The terminus

Ethnocentrism Tendency Essay

Ethnocentrism is the inclining to cogitate that unmatchables social or pagan radical is centr all(a)y most-valuable, and that all some polar(a) groups ar metrical on superstars afford heathenish take to be. Ethnocentrism happens when superstar finis or soil places itself- brilliance at the authorize of a self proclaimed power bodily structure of subtletys and nations and afterward assigns new(prenominal) market-gardenings and nations identical or overthrow value ground on that scale. In an separate(prenominal) words, it is the thirst to say other glosss atomic number 18 of littleer charge be drive it is divers(prenominal) from peerlesss knowledge close.Ethnocentrism athletic supporters to detect a culture from ever-changing be suffer it forces a culture to aliment the akin set and to be stubborn. If whiz culture bases other cultures saturnine of their consume hierarchy scale, past they are less plausibly to be blossom to selec t changes that other cultures whitethorn return or fatality to reach out to them because of the importance their knowledge set and traditions. hea and thenish or ethnical groups gird traditions as a government agency to require their macrocosm and to give guidelines in life. If is culture changes, then it may disunify the inherent society, make mental confusion and chaos. For example, in the film, black Killings grave the Innocent, a man, who killed his consume sister, explained that in his culture, family detect is exceedingly grand because it represents the family as a self-colored in the company it is more(prenominal) important than life. When a member, oddly a woman, dishonors the family, it shames the family and forces them to function exempt the bring low by cleanup position her.Ethnocentrism basin be two positivistic and prejudicial for a pagan or ethnic group. It go off be in a peremptory kindling because victorious superbia in belief s and traditions elevates one and solidarity among groups members, and it in any case strengthens the self-identity and vanity for individuals inside those groups. It bath as well as help societies stool and honour guidelines and expectations among coexist slew in all areas of the community. These expectations give societies the ordering and structure to hold back them together, lot them start swimmingly and allowing them to thrive.A blackball overtake of ethnocentrism are the assumptions found on individuals stimulate perception, that what whole fixs for them moldiness work for others and that if it doesnt, something is needs wrong, domiciliate cause harm, offense,ill-feelings or other project a damp on get on transaction between different societies. It could as well as cause oppression, prejudice, and cultural degradation, which can result to actions ranging from contour to violent protest.

Consultancy Report Essay

As a underling of hotshot of the largest cosmetics nerves in the human being, you atomic number 18 in a side of meat to dramatic altogethery annex your potency and push gain on your signs k without delayledge. My look forward to is that you pass on shorten a crap and carry a broader, much versatile client humble and maturation your general lucrativeness. ground on an in-depth abstract and investigate conducted on your fundamental laws behalf, I agree place several(prenominal) involved argonas in sustain of adjacent attention. The fol junior-gradeing schedule result service of process to de depart rich entropy to design and train these surfaces accordingly. star such(prenominal) outlet and perhaps ace of the around essential is that of the governings stigmatize consciousness levels in the unify acres.This is cod in part to the persuasion that bloody shame Kay U.K. is not as wide recognise in the coupled land as it is in the Americas. I pep up change magnitude your posture to consecrate probable nodes who would other than be unconscious of your fundamental law. We brook judge to guide the fundamental festering of bracing powerfulness competitors go create a heart of competing efficaciously against already effected competitors.You leave behind rent of crude methods in which to endure relevant and a viable world-wide competitor in the cosmetics labor. unexampled overlaps depart suffice to countenance your cheek with a scrape up torous pass on and pock your act upon-up from wholly its competitors. newfangled policies and changes in the transcriptions fundament forgeting gain employee rejoicing an distinguished per word former for employee retention.These enhancements to the memorial tablets flow rate traffic post eventu each(prenominal)y affix lucrativeness, break client propitiation levels, and cast up employee carrefourivity. As bloody sha me Kay U.K. ad favours these changes and erst in effect, on that point entrust be a destiny to take on supererogatory employees to track down to the casual trading operations and supplementary subject/ beget executive-level professionals, consent toing for a much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) rivet get along on the prudence facial expressions of the placement. telling backing of the make-ups financials go a musical mode free for to a greater extent better and assured decision-making procedures. sufficient pecuniary records dispense as effective focal point apparatus for predicting approaching(a) advantage, key out puzzle areas and to make decisions that resulting go to in the boldnesss boilersuit effectiveness. In concomitant to cruci all toldy changing the inner working of the ecesis in the fall in country, firm changes to the brasss figure of speech and frontend interfaces whitethorn be postulate to encourage with the issue of tick cognisance.The cheek moldiness(prenominal) arrive a sound-oiled shape internally as well as an esthetically satisfy entity for potency difference guests, proximo investors and for those considering strategic commercial enterp nip and tuck alliances. Creating a more good-time breeze with which your organisation would thence be associated bequeath found these fire parties a adept original impression.It is bare that absentminded monstrance and unfocussed circumspection gives nip and tuck to the step-down or doldrums of profitability and employee retention. Changes to policy, organisational consider, and beginning of operations give not moreover attempt secure hardly may in item be unavoidable for the success of the physical composition and its proximo viability in entres the join Kingdom. In asset, in that location moldinessiness be changes in customer doings to annex the luck of the brasss drag inion.The ecesis require t o conjure to a broader customer base after(prenominal) regeneration consumer views of cosmetics to extend to that of American consumers. Thus, by consumeing novel, eye-catching, and judgement invoking imaginativeness or advertisements, mickle give in liberate be more wedded to leveraging bloody shame Kay products. In drift to be more prospering, I urge the transformation of circulating(prenominal) merchandise strategies. effectuation of a merchandising blueprint that encompasses the arguably successful grapevine schema in addition to unmistakable and immovable adverts by way of well-disposed media give make the organic laws image. Because a unceasing well out of randomness pertaining to the echt products go away stomach the consumer to intimately consider the info and take on a imply for the product as presented by the advertisement. In addition, on that point must be a vested touch on in charitable to the course of potential consumers inside the linked Kingdom.bloody shame Kay U.K. would be snotty-nosed to capitalize on coupled Kingdoms ever- developing and assorted population, via the exposition and imitation of the slew of languages utter indoors the butt joint areas of operation. This get out allow for a more promiscuous customer experience and personalize assignment with the bloody shame Kay mail. flaw sentiency is at an all-time low as prey populations expose to discover the bloody shame Kay Brand.The judicature must annex its visibility in the growing cosmetics mart in the unite Kingdom. This is attainable with meliorate announce and re-imagined mug association. change magnitude brand mention go away encourage with declining profits.The proposals presented in this consultancy proclaim, should bloody shame Kay U.K. opt to adopt them give lot to make headway the governings pedigree adroitness and affix overall profitability and effectiveness. My take to is that this educated and apprised counsel go forth effectively fly the fundamental law into a solid ground of change magnitude viability and the optimization and harvest-feast of bloody shame Kay U.K. vocation operations and clientele. establishmentThis consultancy cross result distribute up to result the bloody shame Kay U.K. Ltd. accessory of bloody shame Kay Cosmetics with aware suggestions to outgrowth the schemes revenues and better the day-to-day relations of the judicature from a steering perspective. pursual broad query of the musical arrangements operations, I relieve whizself prepared a all-encompassing scrutiny of the boldness in its entirety.This inquiry has been comprised of a ingrained abbreviation of the validations fiscal and packaging facets. This typography alike takes into forecast the consumer aspect of the administration, and the organizations image as viewed by the public. In addition, it entrust serve to attest the modality in which the mug earshot does or fails to accept this image. spiritedness-and-death organisational issues consent been identify and communicate accordingly, supplemented with recommendations for minimizing or eliminating potentially blackball effects.These suggestions may get up perceptive for the feat of gain profitability and consumer pleasure should the organization consider to implement every or all of the changes proposed in this report. The info departd in this report comes via entire research and analytic destroy of data and industry trends and its reassembling in the form of a well-formulated rail line plan.Suggestions provided volition explore to address bloody shame Kay U.K.s organisational structure, the organizations arguing to co-ordinated a incarnate brotherly righteousness element, consumer satisfaction, employee turn-over rates, diminish or non-existent profits, brand recognition and awareness among objective lens consumers and product reference, to name the most domineering of organizations issues.In all, if implemented, these changes could agree a significant about-face for the bloody shame Kay U.K. entity. verse will rise to the perspective of or potentially rival those of its American contemporary. The organization would save a powerful position out front its spherical competitors and dissipate the door for future production line strategic affiliations.The organizational redesign will depict secure for bloody shame Kays fall in Kingdom disagreement as an organization, for the consumers now receiving change magnitude quality services, and for the level of the cosmetics industry in the unify Kingdom. abbreviation OF lymph node commerce familiarity comment and historybloody shame Kay Inc. is one of the largest cosmetics companies in the world to date. Headquartered in Addison, Texas at 16251 Dallas effort Addison, TX 75001 in the linked States, it has manufacturing plants fit(p) in Dallas, Texas, Hangz hou, china and La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland for its European market. bloody shame Kay Inc. operates as a adjuvant of bloody shame Kay place Corporation.Founded by bloody shame Kay change in 1963 and establish on in person complete value that guide her unremarkable emotional state she seek to befriend women come through the demeanor of their dreams. beau monde value accept integrity, verity and a belief in the florid ordinance Do unto others as you would go for them do unto you.The mission, to sanction and provide the fomite that would allow future separatist witness consultants to bring on their respective(prenominal) dreams come honest via the distribution, promotion, and sell of a smattering of products. bloody shame Kay Inc. identifies itself as a generation Everything organization, essence it serves everyone from all walks of life and of all ages.The organization belatedly stick on that its revenues are up to 3 one one thousand thousand million m illion imputable to gross revenue in its 35 + markets world(a)ly. altogether do viable by its 25 million global fissiparous gross sales force.

Effective Management Essay

An use upful handler accepts the semi semi policy-making constitution of plaques. condition tactical maneuver argon use to sympathise great power bases into particular proposition action, and on that point are a turn of simulated military operation that could be use in some(prenominal)(a) situations. As a handler hard to turn your employees, what tactics would you somebodyally be close to apt(predicate) to use? wherefore? It is often requirework forcet to support political run to convert systemal members to get to their goals, especially if these goals contend around period of change or innovation. engagement is defined by Richard L. haywire as, a dust that relate unitedly tidy sum and departments inwardly or among an organizations for the direct of communion know leadge resources. But, a to a greater extent ballpark and to a greater extent impalpable change of political way involves networking. Networking is when an several(prenomina l) establishes cheeseparing traffic with pick up organization members and/or primeval tribe distant the organization in monastic order to strain superstars goals. Something as manifestly inconstant as the governance of article of furniture in an stain staff drop simulate perceptions of another(prenominal) persons power. iodin acute event comes from washbowl Ehrlichmans withstand informant to Power. Ehrlichman set forth his beginning(a) look to J. Edgar cleans office at the department of Justice. The kn suffer coach of the FBI had ample been ane of the near respectable men in Washington, DC, and as Ehrlichmans impressions reveal, vacuum employ all chance to honor that image. Ehrlichman was branch lead by means of effigy accessions into a inhabit make full with plaques, citations, trophies, medals, and certificates muddle any wall.He was then led done a sustain as well adorned style into a third gear prize room, and at long last to a enlarged notwithstanding austere desk plunk for by several flags and be quiet no J. Edgar vacuum. The consort unresolved a door screwing the desk, and Ehrlichman went into a small office, which clean rule from an palatial curb and desk that stood on a stump some half a dozen inches high. Erhlichman was instructed to place a enthrone on a press subject couch, and Hoover peered down on Ehrlichman from his own loftier and intimidate place.

Same-sex marriage research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Same-sex marriage look for - Essay exercisingRecent enumerate data learn that the itemise of attached same-sex couples in the joined States continues to rise, as does the number of same-sex couples raising children. wakeless deferred payment of these relationships is racy to protecting the emotional and economic public assistance of these families. Furthermore, legal recognition must be on an follow plane with heterosexual marriage-separate but equal is neer equal. (Gomes, 15) In the article, Gomes as well suggests why the replication of same-sex marriage is so controversial and the dissimilar arguments held by the advocates as well as critics of same-sex marriage. Therefore, Gomess article has make a profound contribution to the misgiving of the various issues concerning same-sex marriage. concord to the article by Gomes, there be several reasons why the advocates of same-sex marriage opine that it should be do legal. The advocates of same-sex marriage advocate that the individuals have the establish right to esteem their freedom and whatsoever attack against the dress should be hard-boiled as an transgress against their personal liberty. check to the article, The failure to fill out same-sex marriage and to leave behind adoption by non-biological life partners results in a destructive lack of legal protections for children of gay parents.

Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 77

Discussion - Essay ExampleAnother good impact of the association is that the rate of exchange in the various commercial minutes is relatively favorable among the three states as opposed to when a country that is not a member of the union involves herself in the commercial transactions by making a purchase of any kind (Tamara, 2011).This was through the removal of the tariffs or the taxes that were charged on various business people who took demote in the importation and exportation of commodities from any of the three states. It consequently aimed at raising the wages and salaries f the employees slightly in the countries which was quite successful. This also direct to the increment of job opportunities in the countries (Tamara, 2011).However despite all these moves that have been moved by the union, there are challenges that have been realized. One major sorrow that has hit the union is on the infrastructural development in Mexico through factories. The poor location is a big ch allenge as there is string and mean completion that is posed by the workers from Asia (Tamara, 2011).The industries should be decentralized and delocalized in various parts of the Mexican country. This entrust be of much significance as it will not be a point of target during wars, regulating pollution in one area and also offering jobs to many (Tamara,

Reasons for project failure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reasons for project disaster - Essay ExampleIf there are loopholes in this stage it would end in getting the job done really worse.Clients are not aware of the fact that system development methods are evolving and technology is changing in addition at the same pace. The evolvement of the factors makes the development methods to take into account greater risk handling mechanisms and greater strength in identifying the methods and better exploitation of technology in the modeling of business processes (Casey, 2005).Another important aspect is that the client is often not able to understand the complexity of the system development processes which in itself is a great process to build the teaching system in stages. If the client keeps on adding requirements it gets kind of difficult for the development team to analyze the requirements and put them in the right placeholder. Taking care of the ever addition of requirements by the client takes a lot of time and may result in project fa ilure or slipping of the project schedule.The relation between the level of thoughts between the stakeholders and the technical design experts moldiness flow in the same direction so that they are able to interpret the business scenario much better. The involvement of domain experts would be a great idea for success.The technical base of the software vendors must be considerably high in nature so that everything the technology can do must be well known in throw away to envelope greater depth of the involvement of business functions.The lack of human technical and domain expertise would make the analysis of the business case quite imperfect in nature and there would be not much correlation among the contiguous stages in the project.Lack of domain expertise would make the information system design deficient of identifying the business side of the system project and its correct representation of the ideas and concepts would fail to mature at the technical front.Planning forms the

Economic Impact of Peacekeeping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic Impact of Peacekeeping - Essay ExampleThe topic gives me a chance to highlight the wideness of peace in economic using. Any country at war its economy grows backward and investors will not invest in that country indeed leading to high level of unemployment.What does a peacekeeping operation mission help in the economy of the country? What are the challenges associated with the peacekeeping missions across the world? The peacekeeping mission is an activity that provides peace and security in a country affected by conflict. Peacekeeping missions have helped countries like Kosovo, Timor Leste, Sierra Leone, Democratic state of Congo, Haiti, Liberia, Burundi, and Ivory Coast restore perceptual constancy (Garnahan, Durch & Gilmore, 2006). The peacekeeping mission is crucial for the propriety of the continent. According to Nibishaka, When it brings about peace in the continent, it creates an environment that is conducive to reconstruction and development in our region and p ossibilities of faster economic development (Nibishaka, 2011.p.2). Despite the positive role played by peacekeeping missions towards the growth of the economy, it is faced with divers(a) challenges. Some of the challenges include the operations of peacekeeping missions sometimes cannot be sustained by the developing country, and a mission sometimes takes policies without understanding their impact on the local economy. Finally, there is the uneven distribution of economic impact by the geographic area or ethnic groups (Garnahan, Durch & Gilmore, 2006).Consequently, the questions raised above are scathing to the fact that peacekeeping play a crucial role in the growth of any economy. The economy determines the many things including the living status of the concerned citizens. If stability is not in a country, the life will be difficult in that country. In my opinion, nobody likes war and from my perspective, stability is only to economic development of any country.

IT managment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IT managment - Case Study ExampleConsumer goods for such markets are transportation, construction, packaging, electricity, machinery, engineering and other equipments. The company does non fall under the form of product/ service several(predicate)iator, responsible solution provider or new capability enabler.At Alcan, the current organizing model is decentralized. Every line of work multitude competes independently having its own strategic IT plan, infrastructure choices, IT application and services, and each group has its own IT organization, which pursues its objectives which are based on groups need and orientation course (Hoving & van Bon, 2008). The groups activities are alter and over the years, the culture of autonomy has been reinforced by mergers and acquisitions.The expense on IT is between $275 to $300 meg (Dube, Bernier and Roy, 2009), which includes the cost of consulting, the cost of fragmented systems, infrastructure and resources. The IT costs are documented a t several levels- at the local level and within the same business group. As the IT human resource does not report to the same IT unit, the results come in a wide range of methods, and certain operating expenses are not recorded as IT expenses.No overall architecture existed in the company for IT applications. The supply strategies were used for project delivery, application management and there was no unite overview for the needs and requests as the competencies of groups were not aligned with the current projects. Moreover, there was no option but to opt for outside expertise. The IT management architecture was highly complex, diversified and fragmented. There were over 1000 information systems and more than 400 handled financial data. The information system was made up of 60 resources distributed in 5 different cities. The first was SAP oriented, which focused on the needs of former Pechiney, and there were

Organisational behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Organisational behavior - Essay Examplei shadowt asset of any kind of organization, whether NPO or non, that requires to be managed effectively for organizational profitability and survival in the show of increasing global competition. This paper will research and investigate the Scientific focusing model and Human Relations model by way of relating and distinguish TGI Fridays management of people to One Vision Housing, often regarded as good Not for Profit Organizations-NPO employer in United Kingdom. Finally, it will scrutinize whether nowadays the twain models are still applicable and significant to managing people and whether NPOs and profit making organizations employ them differently in management of people. .In the organizational context, resources can be both a source of strength and weakness for the firm the human resource is clearly the most fundamental asset that needs to be managed effectively to maximize organizational profits, reduce turnover, while promoting surv ival of the organization in the long term (Lin, Yen-Duen and Chein 2012, p.153). Human Resource Management, the unique scientific approach to intervention the people side of the organization using a set of cultural, structural, and personnel techniques, is a fundamental organizational practice that enhances performance (Senyucel 2009, p.15). Human Resource Management aims to promote both the needs of the organization and that of the employees through appropriate HRM approaches, the organization achieves the greatest possible benefit from the talents and abilities of their employees, while they in turn receive not only material but also psychological rewards from their work. The organizational strategy, particularly in the highly complex and dynamic global business environment in the 21st century calls for integrated series of human resource policies, which can enable the organization to leverage on their employees capabilities to achieve competitive advantage that can help them win competition (Flanagan 1999, p.55).The

Public finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Public finance - Research Paper ExampleThe main aim of all social credentials streak is to provide the confidence for individuals and families that their quality of life would not be eroded by economic or social eventuality. It includes sickness, old age, family, unemployment, maternity, invalidity returnss, and medical c ar. In democratic countries, implementation of eudaimonia schemes for the vulnerable groups such as children, women, and aged people with disabilities is the political necessity of the society (Vito Tanzi). People of the country need security a comest certain possible risks to which they are perennially exposed. The family is the oldest and the primary institution of social security. The situation leads to need for social security differs from place to place. In Europe, industrial renewing which concentrated at urban and industrial centers affected the rural folk badly by disturbing the institution of social security in the formulate family system. When an in dividual was unable to take care of his/her family, society comes forward to protect them while realizing the importance of social security. In United Kingdom, laws were enacted for providing minimal food and entertain in a workhouse to the poor. Along with these, additional economic and social security measures such as private savings, private insurance, life insurance, mutual aid, mutual benefit schemes, and compensation by employers medieval guilds were implemented both by government and private sectors (Madhava Rao). Social security The need for social security support for any country is greater than ever. Governments should provide protection for their citizen against economic risks in the form of economic benefits and tax credits. These may economic aid families with the costs of bringing up children and enable to save for retirement which provides support for them in their old age. In the way governments so far ruled Britain took many steps to redistribute income to allevia te poverty, and help people to maintain living standards. Since 1997, governments carried out major changes in both policy and administration to reform the social security and tax systems with the purpose of modernizing the welfare state. In social security, mainly two basic entitlements, viz, human rights and citizenship rights were becoming an important factor. Both these together include economic, social and cultural rights (Julia Griggs). Human rights are generally universal and unconditional. They have seen as placing responsibilities towards an individual. On the other hand, citizenship rights are related to membership of a particular country. General citizenship includes the responsibilities such as compensable taxes, care for children, and uphold the law. However, the terms and conditions of rights and responsibilities differ from country to country as some countries spend more on social security and their demanding conditions match with giving rights. Both human rights an d rights of citizenship have been used as arguments for economic, social as well as cultural rights. Adding, the right to social security involves the right to gain access and maintain benefits. Public Finance Public finance generally deals with the finances of the government which includes the rising and disbursement of its funds, and is concerned with the operation of the public treasury. In recent days, the study of public finance is increasingly assuming importance as it is a matter of

Response to chapter 7 STRAIN OF TWO CITIES in the book Inside Rikers Essay

Response to chapter 7 STRAIN OF TWO CITIES in the book Inside Rikers - Essay ExampleNevertheless, the criminal has to guide the decision of maximizing these opportunities in order to be released from the cycle of imprisonment, criminality, and poverty.Society provides the conditions for poverty, which easily breeds criminality. Angel is one of Wynns students at Fresh Start (Wynn, 2001). For his number one job, he earned eight dollars an hour as a handyman in a hospice for people with AIDS (Wynn, 2001). Unfortunately, his contract changed, so he shifted from a full-time job to a part-time one (Wynn, 2001). Wynn was amazed that Angel did not revert back to a life of crime. Angel admitted that being sorry and an ex-convict sharply decreases opportunities for advancement (Wynn, 2001). He complained about not being able to occur jobs because of his criminal record I feel like Ill never stop paying for the past. Ive done my time, but it doesnt seem to matter (Wynn, 2001). At the same t ime, he did not have healthcare insurance, so when he got sick, he waited to be sick enough to be brought to the emergency room (Wynn, 2001). Wynn had to help him get a free checkup. Angel provides proof that hostelry tends to push people to poverty, which facilitates criminal conduct.Society can reverse these conditions by offering opportunities for education and employment. John Wareham is an international executive recruiter, a psychologist, and famous blood lecturer who joined Fresh Start as a teacher (Wynn, 2001). Wynn narrated a debate that John initiated, where three lawyers and writers debated with three convicts on the topic of robbing a bank versus working at McDonalds. The lawyers and writers argued for robbing the bank, while the convicts argued against it. Wynn stressed that the convicts used their hearts and minds to support their arguments. John said that this change in thinking and behavior would get

Memoirs of a Geisha Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Memoirs of a Geisha - Essay ExampleIn the latter part of the brisk, the setting describes the dawning of the 20th century. Overall, rosy echoed the cultural, social, and political historical events in the East Asia through the memoirs of a typical entertainer. This essay functions as a review of Arthur Goldens Memoir of a Geisha through an in-depth analysis of the novels literary elements and historical explorations on Japanese culture.Around 1600, until the late period of 1700s, geishas were men who use to cause and sang theatrical and artistic presentations.1 They were known then as professional entertainers and disciples of the visual arts. Later on, women entered into the world of geisha and became more prominent entertainers than men. Female geisha apply distinctive make up, wear elaborate hairstyles and fine-looking silk kimonos, and abide by the doctrines of obis and rules of propriety. They live in the abode of whoever bought them and finance their education. Their educat ion and artistic develop includes performing tea ceremonies, serving food and beverages, playing music and singing, conversation, and dancing. A geisha community has staffs who manage booking appearances and performances of geishas on private gatherings. In the climax of modernism, geisha has been becoming a remnant of Japans old society. Most female Japanese are now interested to and preoccupied by emerging career opportunities than becoming heirs of and perpetuating cultural traditions.In writing the Memoirs of a Geisha, beside from his academic studies on Japans cultural traditions and arts, Golden crucially used the information he elicited from a legendary geisha. He gathered such personal and historical details to bring a fictional novel into birth. That novel is now considered as a historical fiction because it tells a story of a fictional person from a far flung era, which is entirely

Hookah Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hookah - Assignment ExampleThus, it has developed a positive perception on people.The circularize of hookah smoking is because of the perception of the club. Most people forget that it has a relation with cigarettes. The society chose to associate it with being greatness. the youths find it fun smoking the drug. However, because of ignorance, the society has accepted it. Other drugs have a negative perception because the side make are eminent. there is a raised awareness on the effects of being under the influence of cigarettes. In addition, the difference in methods of consuming hookah and cigarettes, makes it difficult for one to establish a direct relationship (Nauert). The grammatical construction of consuming hookah tends to make the user think that it is purified.This positive perception contributes to spread of diseases in the society. It will create a health hazard . It will be only after people start suffering severely that the perception on hookah smoking would change. The youth perception is to blame for the change magnitude use of

Business Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Communication - Essay ExampleAn in-depth study of wo workforce in watchfulness settings, conducted by Korac-Kakabadse and Kouzmin revealed several insights into how confabulation is often a key factor in women not achieving the same level of power as men in the workplace. It explored the differences in their existencener of confabulation and the way that these differences lead them to turn over less power. He pointed out, for example, that even the terminologies used in a workplace used to be male-oriented. (Korac-Kakabadse and Kouzmin, 1997, pp. 190-193) As researchers confuse observed, several positions in an organization would have titles such as chairman or salesman, making them seem equivalent jobs that ar knowing for males only. Furthermore, women occupied some positions so often that these job titles were associated only with women. Some of the most well known examples of this are secretary and managers assistant. The solid ground why this point is essential to this critique is that these job titles, both the ones associated with males and the ones associated with females, were altered around the same time that the role of women in the workplace started gaining more power. Women, whom these stereotypes had conquer for a long time, stood up and fought for change, and achieved it. They had the male associated positions changed to chairperson and salesperson.... In addition, the women-associated job titles now stand replaced by more male-oriented titles such as authority manager or assistant manager (Pringle, 1992, pp. 127-60). Even generic terms like mankind now stand replaced with less sexist words like humankind. This is an indicator of how women who seek power started by altering the communication strategies in the world around them, in both the workplace and otherwise. Thus, this supports the theory that communication strategies have a large bearing on the power that women possess in the workplace. Another important area in communi cation that affects the power that women have in the workplace is nonverbal communication. As researchers have found, even the difference in tones that women and men use often affects their power disparity in the workplace, heedless of the content of their speech. Due to the different roles men and women adopt in their lives, they often develop tones of speech accordingly. A man will more likely have a strong and confident voice whereas a woman will have a soothing and comforting tone (Willis, 1990, pp. 40-72). This difference makes it appear that the man is more capable of taking charge in the workplace, whereas the woman is more suited for a less power-oriented career. It would also explain why men are more likely to be trusted with managing and leading large workforces, while women are employed to work for them. This again supports the view that women need to alter their communication strategies if they wish to have more power in the workplace, even if it is their non-verbal com munication. A few more studies have observed the communication strategies used by men and women, and have found some startling differences when

The effect of immigration on US economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The effect of in-migration on US economy - Essay ExampleThis decrease was a result of reduced job opportunities and increased constabulary enforcement. (Giovanni 24) Despite this reduction, researchers found that the reproduction could have contributed the reduction of immigrants. A good number of immigrants have children, who are recognized legally as US citizens, others intermarried gaining their citizenship by marriage.Although it is hard to estimate the actual number of immigrants living in the US, researchers estimated that a third of the total tribe living in the US is illegal. Recent reports released by the center for immigration studies showed that in the year 2012, 12 million immigrants arrived in the United States temporally using non-immigrants visas. This figure translates to a 50% total world by the year 2000. Significant number of these illegal immigrants was from Mexico.For over a decade, there has been rapid distribution of immigrants in the United States. Georgia reported the immigrant population growth rate of 152% between year 2000 and 2007. California grew by 10.2%, registering the largest number of immigrants in the United States. Consequently, California can comfortably offset its fiscal cost. Although this immigration may be caused by historical and geographical factors, economic growth is achieved. For instance, if a state is experiencing rapid growth in terms of economic conditions, it energy end up encouraging immigrants and affect income, output and employment.Analysis by various physiologists says that, reasonable arguments are being raised to protect all American-born workers from disceptation from immigrants. The United States government is enforcing strict laws to prioritize recognition of American born citizen (Nwosu, Batalova and Auclair 56). Immigrants are allowed to keep transportation, natural resources, construction and maintenance occupation and material base occupations. On the other hand, the

Football referees Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Footb all referees - Literature review ExampleIf good discipline neglects and pure defiance rules, then no respect for the officials can be guaranteed and referees abuse can be expected with discover much consideration. The discussion presented below is basically an effort to highlight the existence of disciplinary problems in the UK football piece of music laying stress on the referees abuse by players and to what degree this abuse is affecting the referees and their interests. The paper also highlights the steps taken by the football referees to surpass the lack of discipline and resulting abuse from the football players in UK. Disagreement from the referees decisions due to lack of discipline According to a sports report by Taylor and Hytner (2008), the ruthless and defiant behavior shown by Ashley Cole and his teammates towards the match referee Sir Alex Ferguson (Scottish football manager) was too significant to be overlooked and has been the topic of much criticism among the UK public and accurate world as well. This scenario presents an important example when lack of discipline and respect in the UK football players is talked about. ... The report further lays stress on the impact of lack of discipline among the UK football players by mentioning that another player named Grant also vehemently disagreed with the decision of the match referee Dean, who sent a midfielder player out of the field by dismissing him in the first match that was supervised by him. This action of the match referee was hugely disliked by the team players who kinda of agreeing with the referees decision in accordance with the rules of the spicy, started abusing the referee coarsely. It is a good measure taken by Chelsea that Cole was subsequently punished owe to the fact that he harassed the match referee while threatening to snatch the red card from his hand. Pearce (cited in Herbert, 2008) emphasizes that referees can make mistakes too sometimes and they should be tolerated by the players. Lack of cohesion and harmony leads to disagreement between players and referees Wenger, coming from the football club Arsenal has been quoted as saying after a match that Our game lacked cohesion. I always felt we could be punished. (cited in Press Association, 2010). This also supports the reality that discipline is lacking in the UK football game and more importantly, among the football players. The UK football players have inexplicably developed a stubborn sense of defying most of the decisions taken by the match referees and a very hyped period of play is created when a certain match referee orders any player to leave the field. In response to yellow or red card shown by the referee, all the teammates typically surround the referee and start pressurizing him for taking back his decision. Some even go as far as to put

Management and Graphical Front Ends Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management and Graphical Front Ends - Assignment ExampleMySQL is officially enounce /maskjul/ (My S-Q-L),2 but is often also pronounced /masikwl/ (My Sequel). It is named for original developer Michael Widenius daughter My. The SQL phrase stands for Structured Query Language.3The MySQL development project has made its source inscribe available under the terms of the GNU General Public License, as well as under a variety of proprietary agreements. MySQL was owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, now owned by Oracle Corporation.4Members of the MySQL community have created several forks (variations) such as Drizzle, OurDelta, Percona Server, and MariaDB. All of these forks were in progress before the Oracle acquisition Drizzle was announced eight months before the Sun acquisition.Free-software projects that require a full-featured database management arranging often affair MySQL. Such projects include (for example) WordPress, phpBB, Drupal and other software built on the LAMP software visual sense. MySQL is also used in many high-profile, large-scale World Wide weather vane products, including Wikipedia, Google5 and Facebook.6MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications, and is a central component of the widely used LAMP web application software stack the LAMP is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP. Its popularity is closely tied to the popularity of PHP. MySQL is used in some of the most frequently visited websites on the Internet, including Flickr, Facebook, Google though not for searches, Nokia.com and YouTube.MySQL works on many different system platforms, including AIX, BSD, FreeBSD, HP-UX, i5/OS, Linux, Mac OS X, NetBSD, Novell NetWare, OpenBSD, OpenSolaris, eComStation, OS/2 Warp, QNX, IRIX, Solaris, Symbian, SunOS, SCO OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, Sanos, Tru64 and Microsoft Windows.

Performance Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Performance Evaluation EssayThere argon forces of the government of the United States of the States that give the protection and assurance that the said country will be safe and sound despite the opponents or the countries that try to oppose it. There atomic number 18 air forces, military on land and something that we call the United States Marines whom are assigned to take charge of the transactions and dealings with the bodies of water under the exposit of America. There might be some circumstance that we devote no grasp in evaluating the performances of the officials under this sector since they are a bit out-of-the-way(prenominal) from the media. However for this case, we might wish to evaluate their performance, whether they deserve the positions they are into, or they are just wasting the funds of the government of America. In what I aim to be a reasonable form of evaluation, there must be written and oral reports of the transactions of the marines. Since they are all trained, I think they have the capability of putting their actions and performances into words that will be understood by many. The reports will contain financial and development reports that happened during a month because it will be a burden for them if they will do it everyday.Another form of evaluating their performances is by checking on the stocks of the country whether the Marine forces contribute to the rise of the economy or not. This is a form of auditing aside from the reports they might be passing every month. One of their duties is ensuring peace and safety on seas, that is, if there are reported incidents of conflicts, maybe they are not doing their duties well. It might be a sign that if the rate of progress regarding tourists will rise, the marines perform their duties with the extent of their abilities.With that case, we can say that we can be idealistic of them because they are worthy of our trust and that they can be good models of discipline throughout the count ry.ReferencesAbout. com. Marine Corps Assignments Moving. 2008. Retrieved 6 May 2008 from http//usmilitary. about. com/od/marineassign/Marine_Corps_Assignments_Movin g. htm Marines. A Heart-pumping coup doeil into the Marines World. 2008. Retrieved 6 May 2008 from http//our. marines. com/cms_content/show/type/blog/id/517

Hitlers actions while he was ruler of the Third Reich Essay Example for Free

Hitlers actions while he was ruler of the Third Reich EssayIntroductionthither are two schools of legal opinion on Hitlers actions while he was ruler of the Third Reich. One says he has a blueprint of all his intended achievements1 which is based upon Mein Kampf, his autobiography written in the 1920s while the other believes that Hitler did not have all concrete plans which he followed diligently. The latter argued that he rode on opportunities and was propelled into power by circumstances sooner than his own abilities. The basis of this essay is to occur out which school offers a more convincing argument. Due to the wide aspects of the information and views on Hitler, the scope of tidings would be limited to Hitlers contrasted policies, the various interpretations by different historians and my own analysis. One point to note is that although A.J.P. Taylor does not fall into either of the schools, his views seems slanted towards structuralist system which would excessiv ely be discussed.AnschlussTo determine whether Hitler had a plan or was just waiting to cash in on opportunities, we must look at his external policies implemented and his autobiography, Mein Kampf, which he wrote in 19252 while serving his prison sentence. Mein Kampf could be used as a benchmark in finding out whether Hitler was followers a laid-out plan. This is because Hitler had claimed so often that all his plans and goals were actually written in Mein Kampf.In Mein Kampf, Anschluss was described as the first stage in Hitlers foreign insurance plans, which, with the benefit of hindsight, is true. In a speech on 30 January 1941 in Berlin, Hitler had spoken implicitly of how his intention of abolishing the Treaty of Versailles had been declared or recorded so often that it was impossible for people to not know of his programme of expansionism until 1933, or 1935 or 1937.3 Hitler had also written in Mein Kampf that he wanted to extend the frontiers of Germ any(prenominal) to ac cept all Germans, regardless of where they came from.4 Prior to Anschluss, Hitler had been trying to improve his relations with Italy as the latter had interfered in Austrias personal matters in 1934 due to concerns about her own territorial reserve integrity5 and. Hitler knew the importance of Italy and tried to improve relations with her. He hoped in this way, Austria would be isolated without Italy defending her. It could thus be argued that Hitler was planning for Anschluss through diplomatic preparations.However, Anschluss also represented Hitlers opportunism. Notes written from Goebbelss diary revealed that Hitler had kept his watchful eyes on opportunities for German expansion,6 suggesting that Hitler was always waiting for opportunities to expand German territory, an argument put across by Kershaw. In fact, it was Goering who pressed Hitler to take actions.7 Kershaw argued Goering was pushing the pace for Anschluss, perhaps for economic interests over Austria.Hitler was wa iting for a crisis in Austria which would provide the excuse for German intervention and not invasion.8 This arrived on 9th March 1938, when Austrian Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg announced a plebiscite on the independence of Austria. Hitler seized this hazard to intervene in Austrian affairs and pressed Schuschnigg to resign. The National Socialist Arthur Seyss-Inquart took over the chancellorship and formed a new government. With Austrian National Socialists in power in Austria, troops of the German Wehrmacht and the SS traverse the German-Austrian border unopposed on the morning of 12th March 1938. The proclamation of Anschluss into the Third Reich was announced the following day.Taylor argued this was a last minute decision and the popular opinion that Hitlers seizure of Austria was a deliberate plot was a myth. He argued that the crisis was one provoked by Schusschnigg and not Hitler. Kershaw also suggested the view that the decision for annexation of Austria came scarce afte r the military invasion. The German military lacked preparations when they marched from the frontier to Vienna. The fact that 70% of their vehicles broke down9 indicated clearly there was neither military preparation nor any back-up plan. Had Hitler do any plans initially, such a situation would not have occurred. Hitlers address to the masses on the balcony of Linz town hall showed that he did not have any intentions to annex Austria.10 Kershaw suggested that the decision to annex Austria might have come from the delirious reception Hitler received at Linz. The Anschluss thus represented Hitlers opportunism where the decision to annex Austria came at the last minute.Although Hitler might have intentions to annex Austria into the German Reich keen-sighted ago, it was not one of the maturing of carefully thought out plans. Thus I would find it appropriate to agree with the structuralist argue that Hitler was indeed an opportunist. Anschluss came at a point when Hitler least expecte d it he was smart enough to seize to seize the opportunity.Czechoslovakiasteer had argued that following the annexation of Austria, the annexation of Czechoslovakia would be the second necessary step in the development of Hitlers programme for securing Germanys future11, the second objective that was discussed during the Hossbach Conference on fifth November 1937 which outlined Hitlers view of the future. It was agreed that Austria and Czechoslovakia should be interpreted simultaneously.12 However, this did not occur accordingly as planned. Anschluss with Austria had instead, improved Germanys strategic position in central Europe13, to set aside Hitler to take over Czechoslovakia should an opportunity arise. He might have thought of using Austria to encircle the Czechs and act as a satellite in the conflicts to come14, which in some ways indicated his programme in achieving Lebensraum for Germany.Taylor argued that the conclusion which drawn from the Hossbach Conference showed that Hitler did not really have any concrete plans as to what he wanted. He might have been taking a gamble as usual, hoping that by some chance, he would be successful in achieving aims in his foreign policies. In a situation similar in Austria, I do agree with Taylor that the crisis over Czechoslovakia was presented to Hitler rather than him creating it. Hitler merely took advantage of the situation. According to Kershaw, it was the fatal computation made by Schuschnigg that gave Hitler the chance he long awaited. Hitler seemed to be least interested in what was the next step he should undertake after the Munich conference. inference showing Hitler spending time at the Berghof drawing dream plans for the rebuilding of Linz15 revealed perhaps he was waiting to take over Czechoslovakia through another midland crisis. This opportunity arrived in March 1939 when President of Czechoslovakia Hacha dismissed Tiso the Slovak Premier from office and subsequently declared martial law in Slovak ia. The latter then appealed to Hitler for help, who was taken by surprise by the turn of events. He was leaving for Vienna to celebrate the anniversary of Anschluss.Even Alan Bullock agreed, as he puts it, that it was not long before Hitler was able to seize the opportunity that he waited for16, showing that Hitler was relying on opportunities. Protests by the British and French ambassadors against Germanys occupation was countered by the argument that Hitler had acted only at the request of the Czech President, just as the occupation of Austria had been undertaken only in response to the telegram sent by Seyss-Inquart.17 Hitler had spent no more than three days in the process of take-over lasted no more than three days and he was back in Vienna on the 18th. Both fate and opportunity had worked in favour of Hitler once again in allowing him to complete his aims.ConclusionThe Hossbach memorandum was supposed to reveal Hitlers plans and provide a summary of Hitlers foreign insuranc e policy in 1937-38. Although it indicated that Hitler had some plans in his mind, it was not very specific. Through the examination of the above examples, it would be appropriate to conclude that Hitler was an opportunist. Although much of Mein Kampf was put into action, there was head as to whether he was following some form of agenda or programme.Although ideas were laid out in Mein Kampf, it did not mean that they would be implemented inevitably. There was no timescale stated as to when they would be implemented too. In the words of A.J.P. Taylor, I agree that Hitler exploited events far more than he followed precise luculent plans18. Alan Bullock also believes that be it planning or spontaneity, Hitler had only one programme the gain of power19. Thus the structuralist school which stated that Hitler did not have any concrete plans to which he diligently adhered to seems more appropriate. Most of the time, Hitler was simply waiting for opportunities which he could take to achi eve his aims.Notes1 Stephen J. Lee, Aims of Hitlers impertinent Policy in European Dictatorships 1918-1945, (Great Britain, Routledge, Taylor Francis Group, 2000, 2nd edition), p.2172 A.J.P. Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, in Hitler and Nazi Germany, ed.Robert G.L. Waite( United States of America, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1966), p. 943 Alan Bullock, The Counterfeit Peace, 1933-7 in Hitler A Study in Tyranny, (Great Britain, Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, 1973), p. 315.4 Ibid. p. 3155 Gerhard L. Weinberg, German-Italian Relations and the Anschluss in The remote Policy of Hitlers Germany Starting World War II, 1937-1939, (United States of America, The University of moolah Press Chicago and London, 1980), pp.261-2626 Ian Kershaw, Ceaseless Radicalization in Hitler 1936-1945Nemesis, (United States of America, W.W. Norton Company, 2000), p.447 Ibid. p. 678 Ibid. p.679 Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, p.9910 Kershaw, The Drive for Expansion, p.7 911 Bullock, From Vienna to Prague, 1938-9, p. 43912 Taylor, Hitler A Traditional German Statesman, p.9613 Jackson J. Spielvogel, Hitlers War in Hitler and Nazi Germany A History, (United States of America, Prentice Hall, 2001), p. 20614 K. Hildebrand, German Foreign Policy from Revisionism to Expansionism in The Third Reich, (Great Britain, George Allen Unwin, 1984), p.3015 Ibid. p.10116 Bullock, From Vienna to Prague, 1938-9, p. 48017 Ibid, p. 48518 A.J.P. Taylor, Second Thoughts in The Origins of the Second World War, (Great Britain, Hamish Hamilton, 1965), p.X19 Lee, Aims of Hitlers Foreign Policy, p. 218BibliographyBullock, Alan, Hitler A Study in Tyranny, (Great Britain, Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, 1973)Hildebrand, K., The Third Reich,(Great Britain, George Allen Unwin, 1984)Kershaw, Ian, Hitler 1936-1945Nemesis, (United States of America, W.W. Norton Company, 2000)Lee, Stephen J., European Dictatorships1918-1945, (Great Britain, Routledge, Taylor Francis Group, 2000, 2nd edition)Taylor, A.J.P., Hitler and Nazi Germany, ed.Robert G.L. Waite( United States of America, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc, 1966)Taylor, A.J.P. ,The Origins of the Second World War, (Great Britain, Hamish Hamilton, 1965)Spielvogel, Jackson J. , Hitler and Nazi Germany A History, (United States of America, Prentice Hall, 2001)Weinberg, Gerhard L., The Foreign Policy of Hitlers Germany Starting World War II, 1937-1939, (United States of America, The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London, 1980)

Should Abortion Be Permissible Essay Example for Free

Should abortion Be Permissible Es advanceBe certain to ensure your ambit is adequately narrow enough to focus on distinction operates within the examined point and youll do even better than you already have I am going to argue that it is always permissible for a woman to have an abortion no matter the circumstances. Abortion has been a worldwide meditate for some(prenominal) years now where people gener anyy either take the side of pro-life or pro-choice. The biggest problem close to abortion is deciding when a child becomes a part of the human community or a human being and who makes these decisions. While in that location are many resistent philosophers who have scripted about their beliefs on this topic, I will use Don Marquis article arguing why abortion is immortal and Judith Jarvis Thomsons article support abortion. I have always had a re tout ensembley strong opinion on abortion and Judith Jarvis Thomson has exclusively helped solidify my argument. Although Do n Marquis presents some very powerful and reasonable arguments against abortion, I will argue that Judith Jarvis Thomsons defense of abortion is stronger and more reasonable.In Thomsons article A Defence of Abortion, she states several different arguments which discuss the difference between un in force(p) and not unjust. The proper(ip) to life consists not in the right not to be killed, further rather in the right not to be killed unjustly (Thomson, 1986). Thomsons view on abortion is that everything focuses on whether or not the fetus has the right to be using a womans body. If the fetus does not have the right, then it is not unjust to abort the baby.Thomson believes that most of the time a fetus does not have the right to use a womans body therefore in this instance it is permissible to have an abortion. every person has individual responsibilities depending on different aspects of their life. (Responsibilities and knowledge ? ) In order to better relay her argument, Thomson u ses several unique examples that have nothing at whole to do with abortion, but the examples can be completely interchangeable with her arguments on abortion. Imagine that without any consent, a famous, unconscious violinist is attached to your circulatory system.It has been determined that you were the only person available who has the same blood type as the violinist and in order to save his life yours has been sacrificed. After nine months he will be able to live on his own, but if he is unplugged before then he will die. If the violinist was replaced with a fetus, how would this example differ? It wouldnt at all. A fetus stays in a womans body for nine months, using most if not all of the womans organs to survive. The difference between this example and planned pregnancy is that there was no consent given for the fetus to use the engenders body.Therefore, there are no moral obligations to keep the fetus (or person in the violinist example) alive. On the other hand, not sharin g a box of chocolates that two brothers had the same rights to is being completely unjust. An example about a burglar is used to explain Thomsons second major point. You rotate a window because it is too warm, fully aware that there are burglars around and a burglar climbs in the window. This example compares to voluntarily engaging in sexual intercourse and being fully aware of the possible outcome of becoming with child(predicate).Because it is voluntary and the person has complete knowledge of the possible consequences, there is no moral obligation to keep the fetus (or burglar) alive. Just because a woman engaged in sexual intercourse with full knowledge that she could get pregnant (inviting the fetus in) does not give the fetus a right to be using her body, therefore it is unjust. Similar to the burglar example is the people references example. Imagine there were people seeds and if they entered your house, you would become pregnant.You took all of the precautions by putting special net screens on the windows, but there is always that small chance that a seed could enter the house and it does. Everything is the same in this example as the previous one, except all necessary precautions were taken. Unfortunately consequences resulted in a defect in protection therefore there is still no moral obligations to keep the fetus (seed) alive. Don Marquis began his article titled Why Abortion is heavenly by splitting it into two positions which included Sanctity of Life Position and the Fetus is Not a Person Position.The Sanctity of Life Position or Pro-Life argues that a fetus is human life and it is naturally wrong to take a human life, therefore abortion is morally wrong. The anti-abortionist will say It is always prima facie seriously wrong to take a human life (Marquis, 1989). Marquis claims that this position is way too broad because it mainly focuses on the wrongness of cleanup spot which covers too much. On the other hand, the Fetus is Not a Person Pos ition or Pro-Choice argues that a fetus is not a developed person and it lacks psychological characteristics that constitute a person and is not a social or a human being.The pro-choicer will say, It is only seriously wrong to take the life of a member of the human community (Marquis, 1989). Therefore, abortion is not wrong because a fetus is not a person. Marquis claims that this position is too narrow because it concentrates on finding a moral principle concerning the wrongness of kill. Marquis believes that in the abortion debate people are focusing on the wrong things. He says that we need to focus more on the morality of life taking and less about personhood. The very first thing he brings up is that every person deserves the same right to life that we have.This is his first point arguing against abortion because he says that it completely takes away the fetuss future and its right to life. He believes that abortion is extremely wrong, just as morally wrong as cleanup positio n a person. He then goes on to discuss the three main reasons why he believes that killing is wrong (1) killing brutalizes the one who kills because killing is immortal, (2) killing results in others experiencing a great loss, and (3) killing results in the removal of a person from basic society needs. A fetus is completely dependent on its mother or care taker.If placed in the wild it would most likely die, a fetus does not have the proper physical characteristics or abilities to take care of itself therefore I do not believe that a fetus is a human being. All humans, whatever their race, gender, religion or age, have the right to life (Marquis, 1989). I could not agree more with Marquis when he says that all humans have the right to a semiprecious future like our own.As Thomson would also agree, but she would argue that a fetus is not a human, as previously stated, consequently this would not have got to abortion through Thomsons eyes. . M wrong with killing (Kant) imperfect d uty to ourselves, value of life in general, killing is brutal because it is immortal b. euthanasia c. Argument bringing someone into the world that a woman does not want or does not have the resources to take care of child other debatable point that Thomson brings up is the chance of a mother dying during pregnancy. Thomson states, I am not claiming that people have a right to do anything whatever to save their lives. I think, rather, that there are drastic limits to the right of self-defense (Thomson, 1986).Killing the mother and letting the mother die are just as equally unjust. In other words watching the mother die and not doing a thing about it is equally immoral as killing her, therefore Although I am pro-choice and fully agree with Thomson and her arguments, it is very common for depression to occur after an abortion is completed. Marquis brings this point up when he discusses his reasons as to why killing is wrong. He states that killing brutalizes the one who kills. In ord er for me to agree with this statement when talking about abortion I would have to substitute killing and kills for abortion and aborts.Marquiss third statement about why killing is wrong is a killing results in the deprivation of all of anothers experiences, activities, projects, and enjoyments that would otherwise have contributed her future (Marquis, 1989). Abortion does not fit under this category at all because abortion is legal. If a thirty-four year old person was killed, the murderer would obviously go to jail for performing an illegal action and would be deprive of all of his experiences, activities, etc.

Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome: A Case Study

Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome A Case StudyDr. Shruti BohraDr Pratik B KariyaDr Seema BargaleAbstractMelkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) classically shows a triad of oro nervus facialis glob, fissured natural language and facial paralyse, more mutually the oligosymptomatic form. The orofacial s wellheading is characterized by fissured, reddish-brown, swollen, nonpruritic brims or firm edema of the saying. The facial palsy is indistinguishable from Bells palsy. The to the lowest degree common feature is fissured tongue, although seen in one third to one half of patients nonwithstanding when present it assists in the diagnosis. The histologic finding of MRS includes non slip of paperating, sarcoidal granulomas, not invariably but their absence does not exclude the diagnosis. All these findings together provoke the c arful search for provocative causes for the reactive symptom complex of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.Key words Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. chelitis granulom atosa, facial palsy, fissured tongue.IntroductionMelkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is considered to be a rare syndrome. Hornstein- estimated the incidence to be 0.08%.1MRS is a non-caseating granulomatous distemper display (complete or incomplete form) a triad of facial paralysis, orofacial oedema and fissured tongue (scrotal tongue, lingua plicata, or furrowed tongue). Orofacial swelling is the close to consistent and dominant feature of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. In a recapitulation of 200 patients diagnosed with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, it was the most frequent initial presenting sign.2Most commonly the lips are affected, with the swelling more or lesstimes confined only to the lips. Cheilitis granulomatosa (or granulomatous cheilitis) is achronic inflammatory granulomatous swelling of the lip, which is referred as Miescher cheilitis which is generally regarded as a monosymptomatic form of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.3 Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome commonly presents in a monosymptomatic or oligosymptomatic form. Around 200 cases are reported in a review of Zimmer et al2, we herewith report an additional case.Case reportA 16 year old female patient reported to dental OPD with the chief complaint of generalise gum treel magnification as well as swelling in top(prenominal) and lower lip since 8-9 months. Patient was apparently alright 9 months hazard when she had an come out of the closetcome of fever which lasted for 8 days and subsided with medication taken from a local clinician. It was followed by episodes of remission exacerbation of gingival enlargement with swelling of upper lip with pus discharge and bleeding to touch since 8-9 months. Then patient was referred to the department of oral examination pathology for needful.On examination face was bilaterally asymetrical with swelling of face on right side. Both upper and lower lips were swollen (markedly swollen upper lip) (Fig 1). On palpation the swelling had normal temper ature, was not painful, and was nonpitting and rubbery in consistency. Face was flattened on left side. Mandible was deviating on right side on opening of mouth. On intraoral examination generalized gingival enlargement was noticed which was covering cervical 1/third of almost all the teeth present in the oral cavity (Fig 2). Teeth preset were incisors to flake molars in all four quadrants. The tongue had deep grooves and fissures. A long prominent central groove was evident on the dorsum of the tongue discharge in a straight line with numerous small grooves and fissures running laterally from the middle third of the tongue (Fig 3).An initial diagnosis of angioedema was made. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, degree centigrade mg, was administered intramuscularly followed by a course of diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 50 mg orally, four times a day. After 24 hours no noticeable reducing in facial swelling was evident. Therefore, re-evaluation of the diagnosis was necessary.As a resu lt of this history, recurrent cheilitis granulomatosa consistent with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) was added to the disaccordential diagnosis. A biopsy specimen of the affected lip subject field was sent for histopathologic examination, confirming the final diagnosis of MRS. On histopathological examination the mucosa consisted of parakeratinized, hyperplastic, stratified squamous epithelium overlying collagenous connective tissue. Within the connective tissue there were discrete aggregations of lymphocytes, generally with a perivascular distribution however, some bad central foci of histiocytes consistent with granulomatous lesions. The histologic findings were consistent with cheilitis granulomatosa. (Fig 4)Treatment consisted of application of lip gloss to prevent cracking of the exposed mucosa. No further treatment was deemed necessary except continuation of his regular biannual preventive recall appointments. watchwordMelkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) classically s hows a triad of orofacial swelling, fissured tongue and facial palsy. Oligosymptomatic form of this syndrome is more common one of the example is Miescher cheilitis.3Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome whitethorn often go undiagnosed for some day as in present case.History states that Rossolino in 1901 was the inaugural to describe a particular association of oedema of the face, facial nerve palsy and scrotal tongue, the syndrome was named after Melkersson and Rosenthal.4 In 1928, Ernst Melkersson, a Swedish physician, depict a 35-year-old woman with facial edema and paralysis. Shortly after, in 1931, Curt Rosenthal, a German neurologist, expound 3 patients who had fissured or plicated tongues in addition to orofacial swelling and facial palsies and proposed a link in the midst of the triad of symptoms. Subsequently, the triad of clinical findings came to be cognise as the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.Although MRS is reported as commonly order during the second to fourth decades of life, there are many published reports of MRS in children and preadolescents, Roseman et al 7 described a case of MRS in a 7-year-old girl, Cohen et al 8 described four cases of MRS in children younger than the age of 11 years, and Yuzuk et al 9 described the case of a 13-year-old girl who presented with the oligosymptomatic form orlabial edema coupled with fissured tongue. Melkersson Rosenthal syndrome does not appear to shake off an obvious predilection for either sex, althoughSome claim that it is close to more common in females. 6,7,8 No particular racial predilection has been noted in MRS.Etiology of this disease remains largely unknown. 10 In granulomatous cheilitis normal lip architecture is altered by presence oflymphoedemaand noncaseating granulomas in the lamina propria.TH1 immunocytes produceinterleukin12 and RANTES/MIP-1alpha and granulomas.Expressionof protease-activatedreceptor1 and 2 occurs in orofacial granulomatosis (OFG).HLA typingmay show HLA-A2 or HLA-A11.11Pa thogenesis of MRS was suggested by Hornstien.1 He suggested that insane regulation of the autonomic nervous system leads to excessive permeability of the facial cutaneous vessels. From this abnormal circulation, nonspecific antigens then stimulate the perivascular cells to formgranulomas. Obstruction of perivascular vessels by granuloma has been proposed as a causative factor in the swelling. 1Initially, a patient with MRS usually complains of painless facial swelling that has persisted for a long time. nurture investigation may reveal a history of previous episodes of swelling associated with facial paralysis or fissured tongue that the patient has never connected.The most common symptom of MRS is recurring orofacial swelling in which the upper lip is more often affected. opposite areas affected by orofacial swelling in MRS in battle array of frequency, are cheek, nose, eyelid, alveolar process, and chin.2,12Zimmer et al 2 reported orofacial manifestations in 42 patients with M RS who were examined at their clinic they also reviewed 220 cases reported in the literature between 1965 and 1990. They found that 82% of patients presented with labial swelling, 40% had swelling in other parts of the face, not including the lip, 24% had Bells palsy, and 59% had fissured tongue. Other areas of intraoral swelling were, in order of frequency, the gingiva ( 11 % ), buccal mucosa ( 16% ) palate (8%). and tongue (7%).The swelling of the face and lip is described as recurrent, nontender, nonpitting, and firm, but not of hard consistency. The orofacial swelling is usually sudden and, in most cases, precedes facial paralysis by weeks, months, and even years. 2, 5, 6. First episodeof edema sometimes accompanied by fever and barmy constitutional symptoms (as seen in present case e.g. headache, visual disturbance) usually subsides completely in hours or days. Recurrences can range from days to years, each recurrent episode lasts longer and is more pronounced, and swelling m ay ultimately become permanent. 2,5,6The facial paralysis associated with MRS is frequently indistinguishable from Bells palsy. The site affected by paralysis usually corresponds to the site of swelling. As in the present case with facial swelling, the paralysis is on right side. Each recurring episode is more profound and lasts longer. 6,13,14 Other neurologic presentations associated with MRS are altered taste, migraine headaches, and trigeminal neuralgia.2,5,6,13,15Fissured tongue ( eg. lingual plicata) is usually found at birth and therefore considered an hazardal finding of MRS. Nevertheless, fissured tongue is ten times more likely to be found among individuals diagnosed with MRS than in the general population. 2, 6, 15. Miyashita et al 16 described MRS in a 56-year-old woman, who was afflicted with cheilitis granulomatosaca utilize by lingual candidiasis of a fissured tongue.The edematous lesion, on histopathologic investigation, is a noncaseating epithelial cell granuloma w ith perivascular mononucleated lymphocytic infiltrate. Fibrosis of the granulomas is typical in long-term and recurrent lesions. 1,2,17 Differential diagnosis includes Crohns disease, sarcoidosis, Aschers syndrome, and allergic angioedema, leprosy, tuberculosis.1,5,15,17,18,19In Lab studies Serum angiotensin-converting enzymetestmay be performed to help exclude sarcoidosis.Reactions to metals, food additives, or other oral antigens are excluded by employ mend tests which may be associated with some cases of granulomatous. 20 If found positive they are advised to avoid the allergen. Imaging studies like gastrointestinaltractendoscopy, radiography, and biopsy may be used to differentiate from Crohn disease. Chest radiography or gallium orpositron emission tomography(PET) scanning may be found helpful in excluding sarcoidosis and tuberculosis. Orthopentamogram (OPG) helps in ruling out presence of a chronic dental abscess.A final diagnosis of MRS is made from the clinical history and histopathologic assessment of the edematous tissue, which usually includes the lip. When biopsy of the edematous tissue is difficult or not warranted, then a history of recurrent idiopathic facial swelling associated with atleast one of the following 2 entities, idiopathic facial paralysis (ie. Bells palsy) or fissured tongue, is sufficient to make a positive diagnosis of MRS.Treatment of MRS is aimed at the facial swelling and the paralysis. Because the etiology and pathogenesis of MRS are not well understood, treatment continues to be empirical and, in most cases, unsuccessful. Fortunately, both the swelling and the paralysis are selflimiting and usually go into remission on their own. Treatment with oral prednisone or nerve decompression has been shown to be effective.1,5,6 Treatment with oral prednisone or nerve decompression has been shown to be effective.5 Also, interlesional injections with triamcinolone hexacetonide suspension have been shown to provide temporary benefit.1 2 Plastic surgery may be considered in the case of permanent fibrotic lesions.Nevertheless, thorough documentation by many dentists eventually allowed MRS to be included in the differential diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of good history taking, regular follow-up and thorough documentation for proper patient management.ReferencesHornsteinOP. Melkersson-Rosenthul syndrome A neuromucocutaneus disease of complex origin. Curr ProbI Dermatoi 1973 5117-156.Zimmer WM, Rogers RS. Reeve CM, Sheridan PJ. Orofacial manifestations of MeIkersson-Rosenthal syndiume A study uf 41patients and review of 22tn cases from the literature. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PiU ho I IW7461O-6I9.Rogers RS 3rd Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and orofacial granulomatosis, Dermatol Clin.1996 Apr14(2)371-9Magid El Shennawy and Galala El Enany Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome Review of theliteratureand report of acase, The Journal of Laryngology Otology Volume87 / Issue09 /September 1973, pp 898-902Green RM. Ro gers RS, Melkersson-Rosentlial syndrome A review of 36 patients. J Am Acad Dermatoi 1989211263-1270.Orlando MR, Atkjns JS Jr. Melkersaon-Rosenthal syndrome. plastered Otolaryngol Mead Neck Surg I99O116728-729.Roseman B, Fryns JP, Van den Bergle C Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in a 7-year-old girl. Pediatrics 197S61490-491.Cohen HA. Cohen Z, Ashkenasi A, Straussberg R. Frydman M, Kauschansky A, Varsano 1. Melkersson-Rosen thai syndrome. Cutis 199454327-32S.Yuzuk S, Trau H, Levy A. Shewaeh-Millet M. Melkersson- Rosenthal syndrome. Int J Dermatoi i9SS24456-457.Tilakaratne WM, Freysdottir J, contingency F. Orofacial granulomatosis review on aetiology and pathogenesis.J Oral Pathol Med. Apr 200837(4)191-5.Ketabchi S, Massi D, Ficarra G, et al. Expression of protease -activated receptor-1 and -2 in orofacial granulomatosis.Oral Dis. Jul 200713(4)419-25.Miele FA Jr. Tlie big lip. Diagnostic and treatment considerations. Gen Dent 199442O.i8-59.Graff-Badlord SB. Melkersson-Rosen thai syndr ome, A review of the literature and a case report. South Afr Med J 19816071-74,Balatiieh AB. Pillai KG, Maiisour M. Ai-Khail AA. An unusual case of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 199580289-292.Winnie R, DeLuke DM. Mel kersson-Rosenthal syndrome Review of literature and case report. Int J Oral Ma.illofac Surg 199 1115-117Miyashita M, Baba S, Suzuki H. Role recurrent oral caniiidiasis associated with lingua plicata in Me I kersson-Rosen thai syndrome. BrJ Dermatol 199l.l2.ll 1-312.Minor MW Fo RW, Bukant SC, Lockey RF. Melkersson- Rosenthal sjndrome. J .Miergy Clin Immunol l9a7S064-67.Kano Y, Shiohara T. Yagita A, Nagashima M. Association between cheilitis granulomatosa and Crohns disease. J Am Acad Dermatol 1993281801.Lloyd DA, Payton KB, Guenter L, Frydman W. Melliersson-Rosenlhal syndrome and Crohns disease One disease or two? Report of a case and discussion ofthe literature. J Clin Gastroenterol I99418213-2I8.Fitzpatrick L, Healy CM, McCartan BE, Flint SR, McCreary CE, Rogers S. Patch testing for food-associated allergies in orofacial granulomatosis.J Oral Pathol Med. Jan 201140(1)10-3.Figure legendsFigure no 1) extraoral moving-picture show showing swollen upper and lower lips.Figure no 2) intraoral photograph showing generalized gingival enlargementFigure no 3) intraoral photograph showing deep grooves on dorsal heighten of tongueFigure no 4) photograph showing histological presentation of chilitis glanduralis at low power (10X) and high power (40X)Learning pontsConcomitant presence of orofacial swelling, fissured tongue and facial palsy or any one of them may be a case of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS).A final diagnosis of MRS is made from the clinical history and histopathologic assessment of the edematous tissue.MelkerssonRosenthal syndrome may recur intermittently and can become a chronic disorder. metallic History, Properties and Nanoscale Analysisamber History, Properties and Nanoscale AnalysisSince first extr acted in the 5th century, Gold has been regarded as one of the most important matters in the world. When divided into smaller fragment coats, way below 100nm it becomes even more precious. The visual, catalytical and electronic properties of Gold nanoparticles differ greatly from those of their muckle counterparts. This is mainly referable to the large surface area-to-volume ratio as well as the spatial confinement of the free electrons of Gold nanocyrstals.Gold at Bulk scaleNoble metals such as Gold, silver and platinum exhibit plasmonic properties. When the surface of a noble metal is hit with incident light, electrons which are situated on the surface begin to oscillate. This is known as the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR), as illustrated in figured 1.Metals are able to get and reflect light with great efficiency to their SPR. It is because of these plasmonic properties that noble metals such as Gold, silver and platinum are widely used in jewellery. Moreover being highly reflective metals makes them very appealing to the eye. Plasmonic properties arise cod to noble metals having delocalised electrons on the surface. An atom consists of protons, electrons and neutrons. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons and the electrons spin around the nucleus in different orbitals. There are many orbitals in metals which overlap and form metallic bonding between the atoms. In the bulk form, there are many delocalised electrons within the metal that cause metallic bonding. This in turn allows the electrons to flow freely between the nuclei. Good electrical and thermal conductivity is due to the delocalised electronsGold at NanoscaleReflection does not occur in particles which are smaller than the wavelength of the incident light however there is still an interaction between the nanoparticles and the light. The two main interactions are light scattering and light absorption. Electrons tend to oscillate at the like frequency as the light which was abso rbed cause a dipole moment around the nanoparticles where all the electrons on the surface of the nanoparticle are oscillating. The oscillating dipole is known as a localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Electromagnetic shaft of light is released when these electrons are oscillated. This can be seen in figure 2. The secondary electromagnetic radiation released by the nanoparticles is called scattered light. The electromagnetic radiation that is released has the same frequencyHistory The synthesis of colloidal gold, or nanogold as it is now called, has been known to man since the ancient times. Although the process was not fully understood, synthesis of colloidal gold was crucial to the 4th century Lycurgus cup. The Lycurgus cup was known to change colour depending on the direction of light. Later it was used as a method for staining glass.A potion made from gold, which was also known as an Elixir of Life was discussed, and may also have been manufactured, in ancient times. I t was not until the 16th century that the alchemist Paracelsus, claimed that he had created a potion called Aurum Potabile. (latin potable gold).It was in the 17th century that the glass-colouring process was refined byAndreus CassiusandJohann Kunckel, allowing them to produce a deep-ruby coloured form of glass. all the same modern scientific evaluation was first made by Michael Faraday in the 1850s. Faraday is said to have been inspired by previous work done by Paracelsus. In 1857 Faraday prepared the first pure sample of colloidal gold, which he called activated gold, in 1857. Phosphorus was used to reduce a solution of Gold chloride.For a very long time chemists were unclear about the composition of the Cassius ruby-gold. Several chemists suspected Cassius ruby-gold to be a gold tin compound due to its preparation, However it was Faraday who was the first to recognize that the colour was actually due to the minute size of the gold particlesThe first colloidal gold in solution wa s first prepared in 1898 by Richard A. Zsigmondy.Shape and size tuningFine tuning of shape and size in a controlled environment is one of greatest challenges faced by material scientists. These factors are not only very important in the rational design of nanomaterials, but are also as as important for their applications. This is because many of their catalytical, optical and electronic properties of nanomaterials depend greatly on their size and shape. In Gold nanorods the longitudinal plasmon wavelength exhibits a nearly one-dimensional dependence on their fit ratio, making it one of the most intriguing properties possessed by Gold nanorods. Moreover, even when looking at Gold nanorods with the same medical prognosis ratio, the plasmon resonance properties are strongly dependent on the shape of their head.Over the past five years, the ability to finely tune the shape and size of Gold nanorods, has made huge progress.Seed mediated growthGold nanospheresChanging the diameter of the sphere can easily and effectively tune the optical properties of gold nanospheres. This can easily be shown using the Mie Theory, which has been successfully shown to model the light scattering and absorption properties of spherical particles on a nanometer scale.The unabated peak in the spectrum for each particle can be seen in figure 9. This peak is caused by the oscillating electrons which in turn produce a single dipole. Increasing the diameter of the gold nanosphere results in shifting the peak to a higher wavelength, this indicates the interaction between the light and particles is changing. In comparison to bulk gold (figure 4), the optical properties of gold nanospheres differ immensely.The local medium can also change the optical properties of the particles. This is due to the LSPR of the particle interacting with the medium. A change in the medium can result in a measurable change in the optical properties of the particles. In addition shape of the gold nanoparticles can significantly alter the optical properties.Gold nanorodsGold nanorods are of great interest due to their biocompatibility and NIR ( near infra-red) optical properties. The shape of the gold nanorod is what determines its NIR properties. The non-spherical shape of the particle causes two different dipoles to form when interacting with light. The thwartwise dipole (diameter) and the longitudinal dipole (length) account for the oscillating electrons throughout the particle. The dipole interactions affect the optical properties of the particles.GNR LSP illustrationOptical properties of GNRsThe aspect ratio (A.R) is defined as the length over the diameter of the Gold nanorod (GNR). The shape of the particle causes the absorption and light scattering spectrum to have two peaks longitudinal and transverse. The interaction between these two dipoles causes the longitudinal peak to be observed in the visible to NIR region. The longitudinal peak is much more intense than the transverse p eak and can be tuned by changing the aspect ratio of the gold nanorods. As the A.R of the gold nanorods is increased, the longitudinal peak shifts into the NIR region.The optical properties of GNRs have been successfully modelled using Gans theory and Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA). Two equations were derived using the two theories to output the longitudinal peak wavelength by inputting a given aspect ratio.GANS THEORYDDAThe two equations can predict the A.R of GNRs using absorption data collected from the UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The equations can give preliminary estimation of the A.R before observing the particles on a TEM. Figure 11 displays the absorption data, estimated A.R from theory, and a visual representation for a set of GNRs with different aspect ratios. The tunable optical properties of the GNRs make them very worthy for a wide range of applications. The visible representation shows a colour shift as the A.R changes.Visual representation of different shapes and sizes of GNRsNormalised absorption of the particles